Clinical efficacy of da Vinci Xi surgical system assisted laparoscopic exocytosis for hepatic echinococcosis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of da Vinci Xi surgical system assisted laparoscopic exocytosis for hepatic echinococcosis.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 7 patients who underwent da Vinci Xi surgical system assisted laparoscopic exocytosis for hepatic echinococcosis in Xinjiang Uiger Municipal People′s Hospital from October 2019 to July 2021 were collected. There were 3 males and 4 females, aged (43±12)years. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) complications; (3) follow-up. Mea-surement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Surgical situations. All 7 patients underwent da Vinci Xi surgical system assisted laparoscopic exocytosis for hepatic echinococcosis successfully, without conversion to laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery. None of the 7 patients underwent intraoperative blood transfusion and the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, time to postoperative first and flatus, time to postoperative initial liquid food intake, time to postoperative abdominal drainage tube removal, time to postoperative urethral catheter removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay of 7 patients was (225±45)minutes, 100(range, 50-200)mL, (1.9±0.7)days, (4.2±1.2)days, (7±4)days, (2.9±0.8)days, (7±4)days, respectively. (2) Complications. None of the 7 patients had postoperative complications such as bile leakage, abdominal hemorrhage, incision infection, hydatid cavity infection, secondary operation, intestinal obstruction, pulmonary infection and deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs. (3) Follow-up. All 7 patients were followed up for 7 (range, 3-12) months. None of the 7 patients had recurrence of hepatic echinococcosis or peritoneal implantation and incision implantation, and all patients survived during follow-up.Conclusion:da Vinci Xi surgical system assisted laparoscopic exocytosis for hepatic echinococcosis is safe and feasible.

Application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography on diagnosis and treatment of pediatric chronic pancreatitis / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To investigate the value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)and related techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis in children.Methods:The clinical data of 16 children with chronic pancreatitis diagnosed in the Department of Gastroenterology at Beijing Children′s Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022, who had ERCP indications were analyzed retrospectively, including age, sex, operation time, postoperative complications and follow-up data.Results:Thirty nine ERCP operations were performed in 16 children, with the age of (7.20±2.51) years old, and the minimum weight of 13 kg.There were 7 males and 9 females.The clinical manifestations were upper abdominal pain in all cases, 3 patients with dyspnea, 1 patient with gastrointestinal bleeding, and 1 patient with diabetes.In terms of etiology, 16 cases were diagnosed by ERCP including, 7 cases with pancreatic divisum, 1 case with abnormal pancreaticobile duct confluence.Among the 16 children, 11 had gene examination with 9 gene mutations (including 7 cases SPINK1 mutation, 1 case PRSS mutation, and 1 case CFTR mutation).The operation time was 30 to 65 minutes, and the median was 43 minutes.The operation time was negative correlation with age, while there was no correlation with the anatomical structure abnormality or the gene mutation.Among the 16 children, 15 were placed with pancreatic duct stents, with a success rate of 93.8%.Three children had postoperative pancreatitis, the rest had hyperamylasemia.Postoperative complications were not related with the age, the anatomical structure abnormality or the gene mutation.All children had been followed up for more than one year.All children have not suffered from pancreatitis again, and the body mass index had increased significantly after operation than before( P<0.05).The ERCP operation was performed 2 to 4 times in children after stent replacement, and the time of stent replacement ranged from 3 months to 12 months. Conclusion:The main causes of chronic pancreatitis in children are anatomical abnormalities or gene mutations.ERCP and related techniques are minimally invasive, safe and effective in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis.

Research progress in treatment of post-stroke depression with Bushen Shugan method / 国际中医中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has its own unique features in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD). The kidney is the congenital foundation and is closely related to the brain. Kidney deficiency runs through the entire course of stroke. Liver regulates the normal operation of qi in the human body, which is closely related to depression syndrome. Kidney deficiency and liver depression affect each other. The treatment of PSD with the Bushen Shugan (tonifying the kidney and soothing the liver) method has achieved good efficacy in clinic. The method of tonifying kidney and soothing liver can not only reflect the holistic view of TCM and the association of viscera, but also coordinate the relationship between body and spirit. In the future, the development direction of PSD in TCM research should be to further strengthen the concept of co-regulation of body and spirit and integration of brain and viscera.

LncRNA SBF2-AS1 Regulates Invasion and Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through miR-372-3p/CDK6 Axis / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the effects of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 on the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells by regulating the miR-372-3p/CDK6 pathway. Methods Bel7402 and SK-hep1 cells were selected as research objects. The expression levels of SBF2-AS1, miR-372-3p, and CDK6 were up- or down-regulated according to different experimental stages, while the expression levels of miR-372-3p and CDK6 in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationships between SBF2-AS1 and miR-372-3p as well as miR-372-3p and CDK6, respectively. CCK-8, colony formation assay, Transwell, cell cycle assay, and flow cytometry were used to analyze cell proliferation, colony formation, migration/invasion ability, cell cycle activity, and apoptosis. Results SBF2-AS1 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (P<0.05). SBF2-AS1 knockdown resulted in decreased proliferation and invasion of Bel7402 and SK-hep1 cells (P<0.05). After miR-372-3p knockdown, the proliferation capacity and invasion number of Bel7402 cells were significantly increased. However, the above results were reversed after SBF2-AS1 knockdown (P<0.05). In addition, miR-372-3p targeted CDK6 and inhibited its expression, although over-expressing SFB2-AS1 could reverse the above results (P<0.05). Over-expressing CDK6 could reverse the inhibition of over-expressing miR-372-3p on the proliferation and invasion of Bel7402 cells. Conclusion LncRNA SBF2-AS1 can positively regulate the expression of CDK6 through miR-372-3p. It can also influence the distribution of cell cycle and affect the proliferation and invasion abilities of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Quality evaluation of Cnidii Fructus in commodity grade based on theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification" / 中国中药杂志

From the perspective of market classification of Cnidii Fructus, this paper revealed the scientific connotation of evaluating the quality grade of Cnidii Fructus by its appearance traits. Thirty batches of Cnidii Fructus in different grades were selected as the research objects. The canonical correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) were used to explore the measurement values of 15 appearance traits and intrinsic content indexes. The results of correlation analysis showed that except the aspect ratio, the 5 appearance trait indexes(length, width, 1 000-grain weight, broken grain weight proportion, and chroma) and 9 internal content indexes(the content of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, osthole, imperatorin, 5-methoxy psoralen, isopimpinellin, xanthotoxin, and xanthotol) showed significant correlation to varying degrees. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the first typical variable U_1 composed of appearance traits and the first typical variable V_1 composed of internal content indexes(CR_1=0.963, P<0.01). The results of PCA showed that the classification results of appearance traits for 30 batches of Cnidii Fructus were consistent with the actual information of the samples. Under the same analysis conditions, 30 batches of Cnidii Fructus were reclassified by 9 groups of internal content indexes, and the analysis results were consistent. From the classification standard of the appearance traits of the system study, the statistical results of 6 appearance traits of Cnidii Fructus showed a correlation with grades. There was a good correlation between the appearance and the internal content of Cnidii Fructus, and the appearance quality effectively predicted the level of the internal content. There is a certain scientific basis for the quality classification of Cnidii Fructus by main appearance traits. Appearance classification can replace quality grading to realize the "quality evaluation through morphological identification" of Cnidii Fructus.

Epidemiological characteristics of infected patients aged 60 years and older during the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Sanya, Hainan in 2022 / 中国热带医学

@# or older during the outbreak epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant in Sanya City, Hainan Province, August-September 2022, and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the elderly in the future. Methods　The data of 1 785 COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years reported from August 1 to September 8, 2022 in Sanya City, and 537 local COVID-19 inpatients aged ≥60 years treated in Sanya Central Hospital were collected and analyzed using WPS Office 2018 software for data cleaning, database assistance, and drawing, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to statistically describe and analyze the counting data. Results　A total of 1 785 local COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years were reported in China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including 1 509 confirmed cases (84.54%) and 276 asymptomatic cases (15.46%). Of the confirmed cases, 1 448 were mild cases (95.96%), 40 were common cases (2.65%), 10 were severe cases (0.66%), and 11 were critical cases (0.73%), and no deaths were reported. The ratio of male to female was 0.88∶1. The youngest was 60 years old, the oldest age was 107 years old, with a median age of 67 years old. Most of them (1 559 cases, 87.34%) were non-social employed personnel. Among them, 952 (53.33%) were from Tianya District and 733 (41.06%) from Jiyang District. Among the 537 COVID-19 elderly infected patients hospitalized in Sanya Central Hospital, infected patients with underlying diseases accounted for 287 (53.45%) cases of hypertension, diabetes and other types of basic diseases (chronic kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, etc.), and there were serious infections. Conclusions　Most of the elderly infected with Omicron variants were mild cases with few symptoms, but the elderly infected with Omicron variants were difficult to recover or even worsen the condition due to old age and underlying diseases. Therefore, by analyzing the various aspects of elderly infected cases, scientific and effective basis can be provided to prevent and control the epidemic situation in the future, and reduce the occurrence of severe, critical and death cases of COVID-19 in the elderly.

Association of IL-10 and TNF-α gene polymorphisms with hepatic echinococcus granulosus infection and necrosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between hepatic echinococcus granulosus infection and necrosis with gene polymorphism of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and to identify the related factors at the gene level.Methods:A total of 106 patients with hepatic echinococcosis who underwent surgical treatment in the department of hepatobiliary surgery, People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected. Patients with necrosis caused by hepatic echinococcus granulosus infection were selected as the observation group, and patients without necrosis caused by hepatic echinococcus granulosus infection were selected as the control group, with 53 cases in each group. The serum levels of IL-10 and TNF-α were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The polymorphisms of IL-10 (-592, -1082) and TNF-α (rsl800630) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The levels of IL-10 and TNF-α and their gene polymorphisms were analyzed.Results:The levels of serum IL-10 and TNF-α in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05); There was significant difference in genotype and allele frequency of IL-10 (-592, -1082) and TNF-α (rsl800630) (all P<0.05). The serum IL-10 level of CC genotype patients with IL-10 gene -592C/A locus in the observation group was higher than that of CA+ AA genotype patients, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The serum IL-10 level in patients with TT genotype at -1082T>A of IL-10 gene in the observation group was higher than that in patients with TA+ AA genotype, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The serum TNF-α level in patients with CC genotype at rsl800630C/A locus of TNF-α gene in the observation group was higher than that in patients with CA+ AA genotype, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The changes of IL-10 (-592, -1082) and TNF-α (rsl800630) gene polymorphisms may be associated with hepatic echinococcus granulosus infection and necrosis.

Investigation of knowledge, attitude and practice of sarcopenia among nurses and its influencing factors / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the nurse′s knowledge, attitude and practice of sarcopenia and to analyze the related factors.Methods:From November 10th to 22nd in 2020, self-designed questionnaires were used to survey the knowledge, attitude and practice of 1 056 nurses from 139 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions of China. Multiple stepwise linear regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and behavior of nurses with sarcopenia.Results:The average knowledge score was (24.25 ± 7.38) points, the attitude score was 63(55, 65) points, the behavioral score was (31.25 ± 13.28) points. Multiple stepwise linear regression results showed that the educational background and professional title of nurses were the maininfluence factors of knowledge score ( t=4.97, 3.35, P<0.05). The nurse′s knowledge score and whether they were teaching nurses or not were the main factors influencing attitude score ( t=9.12, -3.10, P<0.05). Attitude score, working years, and whether a nurse specialist were the main factors influencing behavior score ( t=9.82, 0.77, -5.29, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The nurse′s attitude toward preventing sarcopenia was positive, but their knowledge level was poor, the behavior intervention was insufficient. Nursing managers should carry out training of sarcopenia actively, to improve the screening, evaluation and early intervention ability of nurses for sarcopenia.

The pathogenesis and treatment of refractory Meige syndrome based on the theory of collateral disease / 国际中医中药杂志

Meige syndrome is one of the rare Diseases of neurology. It is a part of the group of segmental cranial dystonia, which affects more than two cranial muscle groups. Especially, blepharospasm is associated with another cranial dystonia. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder are not well-understood. Based on the theory of collaterals and the relationship between collateral disease and five zang organs,we try to classify the disease into the category of collateral disease, and hold that the mechasnism of disease is not only linked to brain, but also the five zang organs. The disorder of qi and blood leads to the "deficiency of qi and blood", "phlegm-damp" and "stagnant blood" in collateral. These pathological changes cause the deficiency of both qi and blood in brain marrow and tendon.We think that "unblocking and regulating the collterals"is the general program. Adjusting the five zang organs to heel the brain is the key point of the treatment. What's more, we create Tongmai Heluo Decoction to regulate qi and blood of the collateral. This decoction is composed of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction with some herbal medicine for tonifying qi and activating blood. By adjusting the middle energizer, the qi and the qi movement of five zang organs are well regulated. We use this decoction effectively on refractory Meige syndrome.

Rhizosphere Exudate-mediated Synergistic Harm of Soil Microorganisms to Medicinal Plants in Continuous Cropping / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Continuous cropping obstacle is the bottleneck of medicinal plant cultivation, which seriously affects the quality and yield of medicinal materials. The research on the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacle has evolved from soil physical and chemical properties and allelopathy in the 1970s to the changes of rhizosphere microenvironment and plant response mechanism at present. According to the available studies in this field and our previous research work, we systematically analyzed the mechanism of rhizosphere exudate-mediated microbial community reconstruction in the soil of the medicinal plants in continuous cropping. Specifically, rhizosphere exudates, providing the carbon source and energy for microbial growth, act as inducers or repellents to induce microbial growth or transfer, thereby changing the physicochemical properties (such as acidity) of rhizosphere soil and further altering the structure of rhizosphere microbial community. Further, we comprehensively discussed the ways of synergism between rhizosphere exudates and soil microorganisms in causing harm to the medicinal plants in continuous cropping. That is, rhizosphere exudates mediate the infection of the rhizosphere by pathogenic microorganisms, increase the susceptibility of the nearby plants, inhibit the defense of the host plants, and protect the pathogens to occupy the dominant niche. The synergistic interaction results in the release of more pathogenic factors such as mycotoxins by rhizosphere pathogens, enhanced toxicity of rhizosphere allelochemicals, and deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties. This paper summarizes the role of interaction between rhizosphere exudates and soil microorganisms in the formation of continuous cropping obstacles, aiming to provide a new research idea for revealing the formation mechanism as well as the theoretical support for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles of medicinal plants.

Herbal Textual Research on Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In this paper， through consulting relevant records in materia medica， medical and prescription books， and combining with modern literature， the name， origin， producing area， collection and processing of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix in famous classical formulas from The Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas （The First Batch） was systematically sorted out and textual research was carried out， in order to provide a basis for the development of the famous classical formulas containing Gentianae macrophyllae Radix. After textual research， it was found that Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix was the rectification of name in the past dynasties. In addition， there were other names such as Qinjiao， Qingua and Qinzhua. Gentiana macrophylla， G. straminea， G. dahurica and G. siphonantha were the main origin of this herb in ancient literature. Among them， G. macrophylla is the mainstream. In the Southern and Northern dynasties， G. straminea and G. macrophylla produced in northern Sichuan were recommended as the best. In the early Tang dynasty， G. macrophylla from the Liupan Mountain area at the border of Shanxi and Gansu provinces was the mainstream. During the Northern Song dynasty， G. siphonantha from Linxia and Qilian Mountain of Gansu province and G. macrophylla from eastern Shaanxi province were two new producing areas. In the Ming and Qing dynasties， the abundant base and production areas of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix were gradually formed. In the past dynasties， harvesting was carried out in spring and autumn， and stored mainly by aeration drying or shade drying treatment. The processing methods are mainly the raw products after the net selection， cutting and drying， in addition to the frying， processing with wine and milk. G. macrophylla is recommended as the first choice for the herbal medicine involved in the famous classical formulas. Among them， wild products produced in Gansu and Shaanxi are the best， and raw products are recommended to be used. At the same time， it is suggested that G. siphonantha should be added to the subsequent edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia as one of origins of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix.

Essence of SUN Shen-tian's clinical features on acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

To summarize SUN Shen-tian's treatment ideas and clinical features. SUN applies meridian syndrome differentiation to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases; advocates that prevention and treatment of diseases should be regulated mind firstly; applies transcranial repetitive acupuncture combined modern cerebral cortex function positioning; emphasizes the application of multiple acupuncture methods and manipulation, and includes the meridian penetrating needling method, the flat needling and penetrating needling method, and the stagnant needle lifting method, pays attention to the importance of achieving qi and manipulation for the effect.

Three-dimentional radiographic features of 67 maxillary radicular cysts / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the three-dimensional radiographic characteristics of maxillary radi-cular cysts using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and spiral CT.@*METHODS@#Clinical records, histopathological reports, and CBCT or non-enhanced spiral CT images of 67 consecutive patients with maxillary radicular cysts were retrospectively acquired, and radiographic features, including size, shape, expansion, internal structure and relationship with the surrounding tissues, were analyzed. The lesions were divided into three types according to the involved tooth number, as follows: type Ⅰ (single tooth), the epicenter of the cyst was located at the apex of a nonvital tooth, without involvement of the neighbo-ring tooth; type Ⅱ (adjacent tooth involvement), the cyst was located at the apex of a nonvital tooth with involvement of the mesial and/or distal tooth root; and type Ⅲ (multi-teeth), the cyst involved the apexes of ≥4 teeth. Besides, these cysts were classified as another three types on sagittal views, as follows: centripetal, the root apex was oriented centripetally to the center of the cyst; palatal, the cyst was located mainly at the palatal side of the apex; and labial/buccal, the cyst was located mainly at the labial/buccal side of the apex.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 67 patients with maxillary radicular cysts were acquired, including 38 males and 29 females, and their ages ranged from 13 to 77 years. Among them, 46 lesions (68.7%) were located in the anterior maxilla and 65 (97.0%) were round or oval. Labial/buccal cortex expansion was present in 43 cases (64.2%) and palatal cortex expansion in 37 cases (55.2%). The nasal floor was invaded in 27 cases (40.3%), the maxillary sinus was invaginated in 26 cases (38.8%), and root resorption was present in 9 cases (13.4%). The average diameter of lesions was (20.89±8.11) mm mesio-distally and (16.70±5.88) mm bucco-palatally. In spite of the 4 residual cysts, the remaining 63 lesions included 14 type Ⅰ, 26 type Ⅱ and 23 type Ⅲ cysts according to the involved tooth number. Besides, the 63 lesions included 46 centripetal, 15 palatal and 2 buccal cysts on sagittal views.@*CONCLUSION@#The maxillary radicular cysts were frequently well-circumscribed round or oval radiolucency, with significantly different sizes. According to the involved tooth number, it can be divided into single tooth, adjacent tooth involvement and multi-teeth types. On sagittal views, the root-cyst relationship was centripetal in most cases, while a minority of cysts expanded palatally or buccally.

Considerations and strategies for problems in environmental protection acceptance of the nuclear technology utilization project / 中国辐射卫生

The Nuclear Technology Utilization Project is an integral part accompanied by radiation construction project.It is also the focus of daily supervision and management of nuclear and radiation safety supervision and management department. The environmental protection acceptance of its environmental protection facilities, radiation safety protection facilities and measures is the last link of the whole process management of the nuclear technology utilization project. Doing a good acceptance work has twice the result with half the effort for the following radiation safety management. According to the relevant national laws and regulations and the relevant regulations and requirements of the industry administrative department, we sort out the problems found in daily radiation environment safety supervision and acceptance practice, analyze the possible causes, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures.

Diagnosis and laparoscopic treatment of atypical hepatic cystic echinococcosis type CE1 / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To explore the effective diagnosis method and the clinical effect of laparoscopic technique for atypical CE1 hepatic cystic echinococcosis.Methods:The clinical data of 17 patients with atypical liver cystic echinococcosis from June 2018 to June 2019 in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were analyzed retrospectively, including 11 males and 6 females, (46.0±21.6) years old, all patients with a history of exposure in animal husbandry area. Preoperative hydatid immunity test, abdominal ultrasound and abdominal CT examination were completed, and laparoscopic surgery was performed. Postoperative follow-up was conducted by outpatient review and telephone, and the follow-up period was up to June 2020. The diagnosis, operation and recurrence of hydatid disease by different examination methods were analyzed.Results:Preoperative serum immunological examination of 17 patients showed that 11 were positive and 6 were negative for hepatic echinococcosis. The results of abdominal CT showed that 17 cases were hepatic cyst. Conventional color doppler ultrasound showed that 14 patients were hepatic cyst, 3 patients showed cystic space occupying, and cystic hydatidosis was not excluded; 9 patients observed double track sign or local thickening of cystic wall at the top of hepatic cystic lesions after replacement of high-frequency probe, which was diagnosed as hepatic cystic echinococcosis(CE1) , 8 patients as hepatic cyst. All 17 patients underwent laparoscopic operation, during which they were definitely diagnosed as hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE1). During the operation, there was no conversion to laparotomy. The operation time was (125.0±54.5) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (150.0±84.5) ml without blood transfusion, and the postoperative hospital stay was (6.5±2.5) d. There were no serious complications or deaths in the perioperative period, 2 cases had microbile leakage, and recovered by themselves 5-10 days after the operation; the patients were followed up for 6-12 months, no loss of follow-up, no recurrence of liver and abdominal hydatid.Conclusions:In the process of diagnosis and treatment of liver single cystic lesions, we should pay attention to the differential diagnosis of atypical CE1 hepatic cystic echinococcosis and simple liver cyst. The effective differential rate of abdominal spiral CT, hydatid immune experiment and abdominal ultrasound is low, which is easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. The high frequency probe of abdominal ultrasound can effectively find atypical CE1 hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Laparoscopic technique is not only an effective diagnosis method but also a treatment method. It is necessary to choose a reasonable operation method according to the patient's hydatidosis. Laparoscopic operation is safe and feasible in the treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis.

Screening and bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in serum of patients with pneumoconiosis / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To screen the differentially expressed microRNA(miRNA) in the serum of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis(hereinafter referred to as pneumoconiosis), and explore their potential target genes and related transcription factors using bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: The pneumoconiosis and miRNA related reports were searched from the Google academic website. The miRNA sequencing or high-throughput microarray data sets based on the serum samplings of pneumoconiosis patients(case group) and normal healthy individuals(control group) were selected to screen for the differentially expressed miRNAs. Serum samples of patients with occupational silicosis and healthy controls were collected, and the relative expression of miRNAs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction to verify the differential expression of miRNAs. The target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted in the database of miRWalk, analyzed by Gene Ontology(GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway prediction. The transcription factor analysis of target genes was carried out by the database for annotation. RESULTS: Seven differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out and verified. Among them, five were up-regulated and two were down-regulated. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway prediction showed that the up-regulated differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly related to RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter transcription and extracellular matrix, and were mainly involved in the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis through adhesion plaque, protein digestion and absorption, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways. The down-regulated differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly related to the transcription of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter and the activity of DNA sequence specific transcription factors, that were mainly involved in the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis through the signaling pathway of related hormone release. Transcription factor annotation results showed that SMAD family member 3, proto-oncogene JUN, forkhead box O1, early growth factor 1, β-catenin and other transcription factors may have an important relationship with the occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis. CONCLUSION: The seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in the serum of patients with pneumoconiosis. These miRNAs could be used as potential biomarkers for understanding the pathogenesis, the early diagnosis and treatment pneumoconiosis.

Static Stability and Stability Limit for Patients with Scoliosis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the balance in young adult with scoliosis. Methods:From June to December, 2020, 30 college students with scoliosis in the outpatient department of Rehabilitation Department of Kunming Medical University Hospital were as the patients, and 30 normal peers were as the controls. They were measured with Pro-Kin balance test system to assess the static stability of both feet standing with eyes opened and closed, and the static and dynamic limit of stability (LOS) of both feet standing. Results:The moving distance of center of pressure (COP) on the Y-axis was longer in the patients than in the controls with both eye-opened and eye-closed (t > 2.022, P < 0.05). The static and dynamic LOS was less in the patients than in the controls (t > 3.365, P < 0.01). For static LOS, it was less in all the directions except left-forward and backward (t > 2.410, P < 0.05); for dynamic LOS, it was less in the directions of forward, right, left and left-forward (t > 2.446, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Both static and dynamic balance is deficient for yong adults with scoliosis, which may result in risk of fall.

Prevalence and risk factors of ischemic stroke in rural areas of Liaoning province / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the prevalence and risk factors of ischemic stroke in rural areas of Liaoning province. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey. From September 2017 to May 2018, a total of 10 926 rural residents aged ≥40 years were investigated in Chaoyang county, Lingyuan, Liaoyang county and Donggang city of Liaoning province. The investigation included questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of ischemic stroke. Results: The prevalence of ischemic stroke in the rural areas of Liaoning province was 5.51% (602/10 926), and the standardized prevalence rate was 4.04%. The standardized prevalence rate of male (5.05%) is higher than that of female (3.44%). The prevalence of ischemic stroke increased with age in both males (P<0.01) and females (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age increase(compared with 40-49 years old group, 50-59 years old, OR=2.08, 95%CI 1.31-3.30, P=0.02; 60-69 years old, OR=3.90, 95%CI 2.51-6.05, P<0.01; 70-79 years old, OR=5.32, 95%CI 3.37-8.34, P<0.01; ≥80 years old, OR=3.64, 95%CI 2.00-6.62, P<0.01), male(OR=2.35, 95%CI 1.95-2.84, P<0.01),family history of stroke(OR=2.18, 95%CI 1.83-2.60, P<0.01),coronary heart disease (OR=2.01, 95%CI 1.52-2.66, P<0.01), hypertension (OR=2.82, 95%CI 2.21-3.60, P<0.01), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.36, 95%CI 1.11-1.67, P=0.03) and overweight/obese (OR=1.22, 95%CI 1.02-1.47, P=0.03) were the major risk factors of ischemic stroke. Conclusions: The prevalence of ischemic stroke in rural areas of Liaoning province is high. Age, male, family history of stroke, coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity are the risk factors of ischemic stroke in rural areas of Liaoning province.

Association between maternal alcohol consumption and risk of congenital heart disease in offspring: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the association between maternal alcohol consumption and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, China Biology Medicine disc, Wanfang Database, CNKI Database, and Weipu Database were searched for the articles on the association between maternal alcohol consumption and congenital heart disease in offspring. These articles were published up to November 30, 2019. A random effects model or a fixed effects model was used for the pooled analysis of the results of each study, and then the pooled effective value and its 95%CI were calculated. A subgroup analysis was performed to explore heterogeneous regulators. Funnel plots and an Egger's test were used to assess publication bias.@*RESULTS@#A total of 4 409 articles were searched, and 55 articles were finally included in this analysis, among which there were 6 cohort studies and 49 case-control studies. The Meta analysis showed heterogeneity across all studies (I=74%, P<0.01). The random effects model showed that maternal alcohol consumption was associated with CHD in offspring, with an OR of 1.18 (95%CI: 1.09-1.28). The Egger's test showed a certain degree of publication bias (P<0.05), and after adjustment, the pooled OR of CHD in offspring was 1.10 (95%CI: 1.01-1.21).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Maternal alcohol consumption may increase the risk of CHD in offspring.

Clinical study of endoscopy-assisted lithectomy of parotid gland calculi via a transoral approach / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the indications and long-term outcomes of endoscopy-assisted removal of parotid gland calculi via a transoral approach.@*Methods@#From August 2005 to December 2016, 158 consecutive patients with parotid gland calculi underwent endoscopy-assisted lithectomy transorally. They included 71 males and 87 females, with an age of 5-84 years. The immediate safety and effectiveness were evaluated. After surgery, the patients were followed up, and gland function was analyzed on the basis of clinical manifestations, sialography, scintigraphy and sialometry. Postoperative sialograms were categorized into 2 types: ①type Ⅰ, the main duct was normal or had ectasia and stenosis, but no persistent contrast was seen on the functional film; ②type Ⅱ, the main duct had ectasia or stenosis, with persistent contrast media on the functional film.@*Results@#Under one endoscopic procedure, the stones (or foreign bodies) were completely removed in 134 cases and almost completely removed in 10 cases, with a success rate of 91.1% (144/158). Of the 144 successful cases, the treatment options included direct basket retrieval or forceps grasping in 77 cases, basket entrapment with direct ostium incision in 36, basket capture with perio-ostium incision in 23 and perio-ostium incision in 8 cases with impacted stones. In two of the initial 14 failure cases, the stones were discharged spontaneously 3 months after operation. During 3-120 months′ follow-up (mean 36 months) of the 146 patients, one had recurrent stone, two developed ductal obturation, 16 had mild symptoms, and the remaining 127 cases were asymptomatic. Of the postoperative sialograms in 34 stone-free patients 25 were type Ⅰ, 9 were type Ⅱ. Both scintigraphy and saliva flow rate indicated an improvement of the affected gland function in some degree (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Transoral endoscopy-assisted removal of parotid gland calculi is a safe and effective technique. It is mainly indicated for mobile stones in the main duct or impacted stones in the anterior third of the Stensen′s duct. Sialography, scintigraphy and sialometry show postoperative improvement of gland function in most of the cases.